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Lead bonding |
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It is a very old traditional technique wherein small pieces of coloured and textured glass are welded together to fit a single whole frame. Mostly used in church windows and gothic architecture. |
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Sand frosting |
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Silica is blasted through compressed air to erode the exposed surface of glass as the rest is covered with protective vinyl. A most cost effective way to make basic design on glass, this technique can be further used to create different layers of depth to the design thus creating a two dimensional effect.
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Acid etching |
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Hydrofluoric acid is used to corrode the surface of the glass, thus giving a effect similar to sand frosting yet without leaving any roughness. Different shades of opacity can be given to the design by treating different areas with varied span of time exposed to the liquid. Recommended for creating designs with subtle effects. Mostly used in offices to give a subdued and elegant decor.
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Texturing |
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This is a further technique of acid etching where in different layers of liquid masks are brushed on the glass surface to create controlled roughness.
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Air-brushing |
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Liquid colours are sprayed on the frosted glass to create beautiful designs, motifs and paintings. The colours can be left translucent or coated with a opaque mask as per the placement of the glass. Extensively used in home and hotel decor.
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Bending |
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Flat glass is bent to the desired shape using props of ceramic. 90’, 180’, ‘S’ shape and ‘C’ shape are some of the shapes which can be moulded into. Mostly used in glass furniture and glass basins.
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Toughening |
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Herein the original flat glass is heated in a furnace up to 600 degrees and immediately cooled so that the stress patterns are changed to give additional strength to the glass. This kind of glass is highly resistant to shattering and if it breaks at all at a very high impact it gives away in to very small harmless pieces thus exhibiting a safety factor. The best example of it in everyday life is an automobile accident. These types of glass are almost mandatory when used as glass facades of high rise buildings, doors and partitions attached on patch fittings, shower enclosures and any such place where safety is of concern.
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Lamination |
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It is another form of safety glass wherein two individual glass sheets are hot pressed in a roller with a PVB plastic film in between. On impact the glass will break like any normal glass but the pieces will remain stuck to the PVB sheet in between them. Combination of toughened and lamination can produce a glass sheet which is highly impact resistant and could be safely used as open to base floorings and steps of staircases. Decorative fabric, paper etc. can also be inserted to make it more aesthetic. Used basically as partitions, ceiling and transoms.
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Insulation |
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Two glasses are sandwiched with an aluminium spacer and air is sucked out from within and replace with ‘argon’ an inert gas so as to make it sound proof as well as to keep the inside area of a structure inert from extremes of outer climatic condition. Used mainly to reduce noise pollution and as an effective tool to combat heat gain of a structure when used with a reflective glass on the outer side.
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Cold-Fusion |
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Small decorative pieces of clear, coloured or brilliant-cut glass are pasted on designer glass to give an ornamental effect. Mostly used as decorative glass in homes and hotels.
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Hot- Fusion |
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A template of required designs with actual depressions is made and with the glass on its top it is heated to a high temperature. The glass melts and is moulded as per the shape of the template. This is a relatively modern and highly promising technique wherein both contemporary and modern designs can be created with elegant results.
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